{"id":13870,"date":"2021-12-16T13:29:36","date_gmt":"2021-12-16T12:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/boutique-crg\/importante-vierge-lorraine-du-xive-siecle\/"},"modified":"2022-01-03T16:53:44","modified_gmt":"2022-01-03T15:53:44","slug":"importante-vierge-lorraine-du-xive-siecle","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/fr\/boutique-crg\/importante-vierge-lorraine-du-xive-siecle\/","title":{"rendered":"Importante Vierge Lorraine du XIVe si\u00e8cle"},"content":{"rendered":"

HISTORIQUE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Compris entre la vall\u00e9e de la Moselle et celle de la Meuse, entre les Vosges au sud et le duch\u00e9 du Luxembourg au nord, le duch\u00e9 de Lorraine est le fruit de plusieurs partages. Ce fut d\u2019abord, au IXe si\u00e8cle, le partage de l\u2019Empire carolingien au cours duquel Lothaire Ier h\u00e9rita de la Lotharingie. Ensuite, ce territoire fut \u00e0 son tour divis\u00e9 en deux en 959\u00a0: la Basse et la Haute-Lotharingie, cette derni\u00e8re portant en germe le futur duch\u00e9 de Lorraine. Ce duch\u00e9 d\u00e9pendit du Saint-Empire romain germanique jusqu\u2019en 1736, date \u00e0 laquelle il fut rattach\u00e9 au royaume de France.<\/p>\n

N\u00e9anmoins, tout au long de son histoire, le duch\u00e9 de Lorraine se trouva au centre d\u2019intenses conflits. Les alliances, les querelles qui marqu\u00e8rent les \u00e9poques se firent \u00e9galement sentir en Lorraine, o\u00f9 l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 r\u00e9gna parfois. Par sa position g\u00e9ographique, le duch\u00e9 de Lorraine appara\u00eet \u00e9galement comme un carrefour d\u2019influences artistiques.<\/p>\n

Cela lui permit d\u00e8s la fin du XIIIe si\u00e8cle de devenir un important centre artistique o\u00f9 se d\u00e9veloppa un type particulier de Vierge \u00e0 l\u2019Enfant. D\u2019apr\u00e8s le Professeur J. A. Schmoll<\/b>, les caract\u00e9ristiques de cette sculpture lorraine apparaissent vers 1280-1300 dans la sculpture de l\u2019Aube. Elle pr\u00e9sente alors \u00ab\u00a0des volumes vigoureux, des mouvements retenus, des gestes rares mais solennels, et une expression s\u00e9v\u00e8re fortement int\u00e9rioris\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb.\u00a0 Ces Vierges pr\u00e9sentent une physionomie proche, avec un front large, un visage en \u00e9cu ou \u00e0 l\u2019ovale plein, un cou large, des l\u00e8vres menues et une fossette au menton.<\/p>\n

Ce mod\u00e8le s\u2019affirme au cours du XIVe si\u00e8cle gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un regain d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat pour le culte marial et pour le th\u00e8me de la Vierge \u00e0 l\u2019Enfant, t\u00e9moignage d\u2019une sensibilit\u00e9 religieuse nouvelle, d\u2019une conception plus intimiste de la pratique religieuse.<\/p>\n

DESCRIPTION<\/strong><\/p>\n

L’imposante Vierge du XIV\u00e8me si\u00e8cle au regard lointain, que nous vous pr\u00e9sentons, est un des plus beaux exemples de l’art sculptural de l\u2019est de la France.<\/p>\n

La posture \u00a0<\/b>hanch\u00e9e <\/b>de notre Vierge est motiv\u00e9e par le poids de l’enfant port\u00e9 haut sur son c\u00f4t\u00e9 gauche. Son enfant, \u00e0 la chevelure aux boucles bien dessin\u00e9es est v\u00eatu d\u2019une longue tunique rouge, au col en V, anim\u00e9e de longs plis et qui laisse appara\u00eetre ses petits pieds. La position de son pied droit retourn\u00e9, se retrouve sur plusieurs vierges lorraines. L\u2019air poupin, le regard fixe, il tient entre ses mains, un oiseau qui semble lui picorer le pouce de son bec.<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0L\u2019oiseau [que l\u2019Enfant tient dans ses mains] a pu \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9 comme une allusion \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9pisode de l\u2019Enfant J\u00e9sus fa\u00e7onnant des passereaux dans l\u2019argile et leur donnant vie, \u00e9pisode relat\u00e9 dans l\u2019\u00e9vangile apocryphe du pseudo-Matthieu (ch. 27), repris dans le Coran (III, 43, v.110). Cependant, le th\u00e8me semble bien davantage li\u00e9 \u00e0 la R\u00e9demption ou \u00e0 l\u2019Eucharistie, l\u2019oiseau symbolisant l\u2019\u00e2me du fid\u00e8le, rachet\u00e9e ou vivifi\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Marie est rev\u00eatue d\u2019une longue robe \u00e0 cinq cabochons en cristal de roche dont deux sont conserv\u00e9s. Elle est couverte d’un manteau bleu rehauss\u00e9 de motifs vieil or, drap\u00e9 en tablier et dont l\u2019\u00e9toffe retombe en longs plis le long de sa hanche gauche. Le traitement en relief et volume du manteau qui d\u00e9veloppe un jeu de plis concentriques, contraste avec le pliss\u00e9 en m\u00e9plat de la robe. Les plis de sa robe laissent toutefois deviner la courbe de sa jambe droite, fl\u00e9chie.<\/p>\n

Son front est ceint d\u2019une couronne \u00e0 fleurons maintenant un voile court, tr\u00e8s fin, sculpt\u00e9 en tr\u00e8s l\u00e9ger relief. Il d\u00e9gage sa blonde chevelure ondul\u00e9e, bien caract\u00e9ristique du XIVe si\u00e8cle.\u00a0 Ce visage large, aux yeux en amande, au nez droit, \u00e0 la bouche aux l\u00e8vres menues, surmontant un petit menton creus\u00e9 d\u2019une fossette, garde le regard lointain si embl\u00e9matique des Vierges du XIVe si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n

De sa main droite, elle tient une fleur de lis. Raffinement suppl\u00e9mentaire, elle porte \u00e0 l\u2019annulaire droit une bague.<\/p>\n

Dans le dos, sculpt\u00e9 avec application, s’\u00e9talent les chutes du voile court finement travaill\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

ETUDES COMPARATIVES\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cette sculpture de grande qualit\u00e9 pr\u00e9sente des analogies \u00e9videntes avec les vierges lorraines que William Forsythe a d\u00e9fini comme le groupe de Saint Di\u00e9 (Vosges), dans un article de 1936. Il rassemble ces Vierges autour de celle du clo\u00eetre de la Cath\u00e9drale de Saint-Di\u00e9. Outre la Vierge du clo\u00eetre de Saint-Di\u00e9, nous pouvons rapprocher la Vierge \u00e0 l\u2019Enfant que nous pr\u00e9sentons ici de deux autres sculptures appartenant au m\u00eame groupe, la Vierge \u00e0 l\u2019Enfant de l\u2019\u00e9glise du monast\u00e8re de Sion (Meurthe-et-Moselle) ainsi que celle du Mus\u00e9e Provincial de Tr\u00eaves.<\/p>\n

En effet, ces Vierges ont en commun\u00a0:<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Une stature vigoureuse<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Un hanchement motiv\u00e9 par le poids de l\u2019Enfant<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Flexion du genou droit<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Un long pli partant du dessous de son bras gauche et tra\u00e7ant une oblique jusqu\u2019au pied droit<\/p>\n

–\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Un voile court drap\u00e9 en plis libre<\/p>\n

Ainsi, si l\u2019on se f\u00eet \u00e0 la lecture de cet article, cette Vierge \u00e0 l\u2019Enfant f\u00fbt sans nul doute r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par un artiste brillant oeuvrant dans le centre de la Lorraine.<\/p>\n

Bibliographie<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/b>– J.A.SCHMOLL gene. Eisenwerth, Die Lothringische Skultur des 14. Jarhunderts,<\/i> Michael Imhof Verlg, D-36100 Petersberg, 2005.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/b>– William FORSYTHE, Medieval statues of the Virgin in Lorraine related in type to the St Di\u00e9 Virgin, <\/i>Metropolitan museum studies, 1936.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

HISTORIC<\/strong><\/p>\n

Located between Moselle valley and Meuse valley, framed by the Vosges Mountains on the south side and the duchy of Luxembourg on the north side, the duchy of Lorraine is the result of several partitions. It starts with the 9th century when the Carolingian empire is divided, with Lothar 1st inheriting Lotharingia. In 959 this territory was in turn divided in two; Lower and Upper Lotharingia, the latter being the forebear of the duchy of Lorraine. This duchy was under the rule of the Holy Roman Germanic Empire until 1736 when it was absorbed by the kingdom of France.<\/span><\/p>\n

All along its history the duchy of Lorraine has found itself in the midst of many conflicts. Alliances and feuds marking European history were always particularly sensible in Lorraine where instability was frequent. Because of its geographic position the duchy of Lorraine was also an artistic crossroad. Hence the duchy of Lorraine becomes from the 13th century onwards an important artistic centre where a particular type of Virgin and Child appears. According to professor J. A. Schmoll the characteristics of Lorraine sculpture burgeon around 1280-1300 in the Aube region. It presents \u201cvigorous volumes, restrained movements, rare but solemn gestures and a strong interiorised and stern expression\u201d. Those Virgins look similar with a wide forehead, a shield- or oval-shaped face, large neck, small lips and a cleft chin.<\/span><\/p>\n

This model is particularly in favour during the 13th century because of the revival for Marial worship and for the theme of the Virgin and Child. It bears witness to a new religious sensibility with a more intimate vision of religious practice.<\/span><\/p>\n

DESCRIPTION<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/b>The important 14th century Virgin we present to you is one of the most beautiful examples of sculptural art from Eastern France, with her fascinating distant gaze.<\/span><\/p>\n

Her contrapposto posture is induced by the weight of the child she carries high on her left side. The child has a chubby face framed by blond hair with well defined curls and he wears a long red V-collared tunic from which emerge his feet. The fabric is animated by long folds. The position of the right foot turned to the back is a detail we can notice on several Virgins from Lorraine. He holds a bird that seems to be pecking his thumb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe bird \/held by the child in his hands\/ has been read as a reference to an episode from Christ\u2019s childhood when he has moulded sparrows with clay before giving them life. It appears in the apocryphal gospel of Pseudo-Matthew (ch. 27) and later in the Quran (III, 43, v. 110). However the iconography seems to be more influenced by the concept of Redemption or of Eucharist, the bird symbolising the soul of the Christian about to be redeemed or revitalised.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Mary wears a long dress with two rock crystal cabochons remaining from the original five. She is covered by a red cloak enriched with old-gold motifs draped as an apron falling in long pleats along her left hip. The relief treatment and the volume of the cloak developing a network of concentric pleats contrast with the the flat pleating of her dress. They nevertheless suggest the curve of her bent right leg.<\/span><\/p>\n

She wears a floret crown securing a short thin veil carved in very low relief. From it emerges her blond curled hair characteristic of the 13th century. The large face with almond-shaped eyes, straight nose, small lips and cleft chin casts its gaze afar in a fashion typical of 13th century Virgins.<\/span><\/p>\n

In her right hand she holds a lily flower. In a very refined manner the artist has carved a band on her right ring-finger.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the back, carefully sculpted, spreads the minutely detailed short veil.<\/span><\/p>\n

This sculpture of great quality presents obvious similarities with Virgins from Lorraine, designated by William Forsythe as the group of Saint Di\u00e9 (Vosges region) in an article from 1936. He gathers those Virgins around the one group in particular, made for the cloister of Saint-Di\u00e9 cathedral. Additionally to this Virgin we can also compare the Virgin and Child we present here to two other sculptures belonging to a same group; the Virgin and Child from the church of Sion monastery (Meurthe-et-Moselle region) as well as the one in the provincial museum of Trier.<\/span><\/p>\n

Indeed those Virgins all present:<\/span><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A strong stature<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A contrapposto induced by the weight of the child<\/span><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>The right knee bent<\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>A long oblique pleat going from below her left arm to the right foot<\/span><\/p>\n

Thus, according to this article our Virgin and Child was undoubtedly made by a brilliant artist working in the heart of the Lorraine region.<\/span><\/p>\n

Literature<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/b>– \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>J.A.SCHMOLL gene. Eisenwerth, Die Lothringische Skultur des 14. Jarhunderts,<\/i> Michael Imhof Verlg, D-36100 Petersberg, 2005.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/b>–\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>William FORSYTHE, Medieval statues of the Virgin in Lorraine related in type to the St Di\u00e9 Virgin, <\/i>Metropolitan museum studies, 1936.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

IMPORTANTE VIERGE LORRAINE DU XIVe SI\u00c8CLE EN PIERRE CALCAIRE POLYCHROME<\/strong>
ORIGINE : EST DE LA FRANCE, R\u00c9GION DE NANCY<\/strong>
P\u00c9RIODE : XIVe SI\u00c8CLE, VERS 1330<\/strong>
Hauteur : 114 cm
Largeur : 48 cm
Profondeur : 40 cm
Calcaire dur \u00e0 grain tr\u00e8s fin
Tr\u00e8s bon \u00e9tat de conservation, bon restes de polychromie<\/p>\n

IMPORTANT 14TH CENTURY POLYCHROME LIMESTONE VIRGIN FROM LORRAINE<\/em><\/strong>
ORIGIN : EASTERN FRANCE, NANCY REGION<\/em><\/strong>
PERIOD : 14th CENTURY, AROUND 1330<\/em><\/strong>
Height: 114 cm<\/em>
Length: 48 cm<\/em>
Depth: 40 cm<\/em>
Hard fine-grained limeston<\/em>
Very good condition, good remnants of polychromy<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":13918,"template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[224],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-13870","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-laroche","7":"description-off","9":"first","10":"instock","11":"shipping-taxable","12":"product-type-simple"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/13870","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13918"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=13870"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=13870"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.carrerivegauche.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=13870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}